Internal-combustion engine.



C. S. SMITH.

INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE.

APPLICATION FILED SEPT. 9. I914.

Patnted May16, 1916.

War] 5 Smiih,

CARL S. SMITH, OF ALBANY, NEW YORK.

INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINE.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented May 16, 1916.

Application filed September 9, 1914. Serial No. 860,927.

To aZZvelw-m it may concern:

Be it known that I, CARL S. SMITH, a citizen of the I nited States,residing at Albany. in the county of'Alb-any and State of New York, haveinvented new and user'ul Improvements in Internal-Combustion Engines, ofwhich the following is a specification.

This invention relates to improvements in internal combustion enginesand has particular application to an engine wherein the ordinarycarbureter and usual ignition system are dispensed with, the gasolenebeing admitted. in a raw state. to the compression space of the motorand ignited instantly by coming into contact with air previouslyadmitted to the cylinder and compressed to a high degree therein by theaction of the piston.

In some. types of internal combustion engines the gasolene is deliveredto the combustion chamber in the cylinder from a supply tank through agasolene intake valve controlled by the engine and under pressure from apump driven by the engine and in connnunication with the supply tank. Incarrying out the present invention, it is my purpose to eliminate theengine driven gasolene-controlling valve and interpose the pump in theconnection between the supply tank and the combustion chamber of thecylinder so that in one stroke of the piston of the. pump the gasolenewill be drawn into the pump and in the other stroke of the piston suchgasolene will be delivered to the cylinder under pressure, suitablecheck valves being employed at opposite sides of the pump to eliminateback pressure.

It is also my purpose to improve and simplify the general constructionof engines of the type described and to provide an engine wherein the.component parts will be so arranged and correlated as to reduce thepossibility of derangement to a minimum and insure the proper operationof the engine under all conditions.

With the above and other objects in View, the invention consists in theconstruction, combination and arrangement of parts her inafter set forthin and falling within the scope of the claim.

In the accompanying drawing; Figure 1 is a vertical sectional Viewthrough an engine embodying the present invention. Fig. 2 is an enlargedlongitudinal sectional View through the pump. Fig. 3 is a longitudinalsectional view through the injector nozzle.

Referring now to the drawing in detail, 1 designates one of thecylinders of a motor, while 2 indicates the piston within such cylindercapable of reciprocatory movement therein, such piston and cylinderbeing of the usual construction and the cylinder being connected to andextending upwardly from the usual two-part crank case 3. Journaled inthe opposite end wall of the crank case 3 is a crank shaft 4 connectedwith the piston 2 by meansof the usual pitman or connecting rod 5. Eachcylinder of the motor is provided with a T-head 6 carrying an air inletvalve at one side thereof and an exhaust valve 8 at the opposite side.These valves are shown as having the stems 9 and 10 thereof mounted inhousing sleeves 10 to render the same quiet in operation. 11 indicatesthe valve lift rods that are actuated from underlying cam shafts 12 and13, as usual. The arrangement thus far described is theordinaryconstruction now embodied in automobile motors.

In the practice of my invention, I dispense entirely with a carburetorand the usual ignition apparatus embodying spark plugs or contactpoints. In place thereof I employ an injector nozzle 1:: in which isarranged a check valve 15, such nozzle being preferably located directlyabove the piston 2 and having connected therewith a gasolene feed pipe16 that extends downwardly along one side of the engine and is connectedwith a suitable source of gasolene supply 18. The feed pipe 16 ispreferably of two sections and connected in such pipe at the meetingends of the sections thereof is a cylinder 17 connected with theadjacent side wall of the crank case and extending outwardly therefrom.Mounted within the cylinder 17 and adapted to reciprocate therein is apiston 18 connected through the medium of a connecting rod 19 with thestrap of an eccentric 20 fixed upon the adjacent cam shaft 13 andadapted to rotate with such shaft. Interposed in the section of the pipebetween the "cylinder 17 and the supply tank 18' is a check valve 21whereby back pressure from the pump, composed of the cylinder 17 andpiston 18, into the source of supplyv is avoided, while located in thepipe section connecting the pump cylinder with the injector nozzle 14:is a check valve 22 cooperating with the check 'the piston reaches thelimit of its movement in an upward direction the eccentric moves thepiston 18 toward the outer end of the cylinder 17 thereby compressingthe liquid gasolene previously drawn into the cylinder and forces suchliquid through the upper section of the intake pipe 16 and injectornozzle 14 into the upper end of the cylinder 1. As soon as the gasolenecomes into contact with the highly heated air in the combustion chamber,ignition takes place and the piston 2 is driven downward. Upon thereturn movement of the piston the exhaust valve 8 is opened and the gaspasses outward therefrom through the exhaust port of the engine. It hasbeen found by actual test and experiment that only a few turns of thecrank shaft are necessary in order to cause the ignition of thecompressed gas in the cylinder, this being due to the fact that the airin the compression or combustion chamber, on the compression stroke ofthe piston is highly compressed, owing to the long stroke of suchpiston.

It will benoted that the pump composed of the cylinder 17 and piston 18is located exteriorly of the engine, enabling ready access to be hadthereto for the purpose of removmg sediment or water which may collectin the cylinder or be contained in the feed pipe, it being acomparatively simple matter to detach the sections of the feed pipe fromthe cylinder 17 and remove the cylinder from the crank case. By means ofthis construction the feed pipe may be blown out when necessary so as toremove any foreign matter therefrom.

Furthermore, it will be noted that the pump composed of the cylinder 17and piston 18 acts not only as a pump but also as a controlling valve inthat a predetermined quantity of liquid fuel is delivered to thecombustion chamber of the cylinder at predetermined intervals.

I claim:

In a device of the class described, in combination a crank case, saidcrank case having a side opening a cam shaft in said case opposite saidopening, a valve operating cam on said shaft, said cam being eccentric,a circular strap loosely engaging said eccentric, an extension armsecured upon said strap and tapering toward its outer end, and

projecting through said opening, a cylinder having an outer flaring partsecured to sald case having its largest diameter equal to that of saidopening and registering therewith, a piston in said cylinder, and a lugon said piston pivotally connected to said extension arm, said armadapted to tilt at opposite points relative to the axis of said pistontoward the walls of said flaring portion of said cylinder.

In testimony whereof I aflix my signature in presence of two witnesses.

CARL S. SMITH. Witnesses:

ELLIS J. STALEY, JOHN E. MORRISSEY.

